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The Vincent Thomas Bridge is a -long suspension bridge, crossing the Los Angeles Harbor in the U.S. state of California, linking San Pedro, Los Angeles, with Terminal Island. The bridge is part of State Route 47, which is also known as the Seaside Freeway. The bridge opened in 1963 and is named for California Assemblyman Vincent Thomas of San Pedro, who championed its construction. It was the first welded suspension bridge in the United States〔 and is now the fourth longest suspension bridge in California and the 76th longest span in the world. The clear height of the navigation channel is approximately ;〔CalTrans Vincent Thomas Bridge Upgrade Project contract, 1998 ()〕 it is the only suspension bridge in the world supported entirely on piles.〔 The terminal for ferries and helicopters to Santa Catalina Island is located underneath the western part of the bridge. ==History== Assemblyman Thomas, who represented San Pedro, spent 19 years beginning in 1940 arguing for the 16 different pieces of legislation that were necessary for its construction. During that time and in the years right after it was built, it was ridiculed as "The bridge to nowhere".〔 Other bridges to the island included the 1948 Commodore Heim lift bridge connecting SR 47 north and a WWII pontoon bridge from Ocean Blvd. to Long Beach (replaced in 1968 by the Gerald Desmond arch bridge). Until the new bridge's 1963 construction, ferry service from San Pedro was important to cannery and shipyard workers on Terminal Island; private ferries had begun in 1870, and municipal ferry service had begun in 1941.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CA-47 Vincent Thomas Bridge )〕 Some residents, including many women who worked at the canneries, tried unsuccessfully to keep one of the smaller pedestrian-only〔〔State law prohibited ferry service from competing with a State toll bridge.〕 ferries operating after the new bridge's opening because the ferry was available at any time including night-shift hours but the new bus service involved long waits. In 1968 the bridge was connected through SR 47 directly into the Harbor Freeway; having the bridge and connection available was cited by port officials as crucial to the port's success in the era of containerized cargo.〔 Today, cargo can go from the San Pedro side of the Port of Los Angeles over the Vincent Thomas bridge, onto the Terminal Island Freeway, to the southern end of the Long Beach Freeway, and then up to the rail yards of East Los Angeles. At the 25th anniversary of its opening in 1988, events were held to raise money for $170,000 of permanent decorative lights for the bridge's main cables.〔 In January 2005, after 17 years of planning and fundraising, the decorative illumination was changed to 160 blue LED lamps, powered by solar panels, with a project cost of $1 million.〔 Each lamp contains 360 diodes, using 20 watts total, powered by 4500 watts of solar panels. Each two foot by four foot panel generates 80 watts. It is the first combined use of solar power and LEDs in a bridge lighting installation. When the bridge opened in 1963, Vincent Thomas was the longest-serving assemblyman. In 1961, the legislature passed a special Concurrent Resolution 131 in order to name it after him while he was still serving.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vincent Thomas Bridge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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